Hydrocarbons are basically those compounds that are formed by the combination of carbon and hydrogen. hydrocarbons can be either in long-chain form, branch form, and ring form. These hydrocarbons are categorized into two categories such as aliphatic hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbons.
In short form, hydrocarbons are carbon and hydrogen-containing compounds. for example methane, Ethane, propane, butane, etc.
Now the question is how hydrocarbon is formed.
The hydrocarbons are basically formed by the combination of hydrogen and carbon as you all know that carbon has a valency of four and hydrogen has a valency of one because one electron revolves around the nucleus in the hydrogen atom. similarly, in a carbon atom, four electrons revolve around the nucleus in their second shell. Carbon has a valency of 4 because it completes its octet by taking four electrons and hydrogen has a valency of one which makes carbon and 4 hydrogens interact with each other and the formation of a new compound "methane" having formula CH4.
Similarly, when hydrogen is replaced by the carbon atom containing three hydrogen atoms and one free bond, ethane is formed. From this technique, we can make carbon and its derivatives in a simple manner. Note: Carbon and hydrogen have to satisfy their valency by sharing of electrons or it can be said that carbon can make four bonds with the hydrogen if single carbon reacts with hydrogens. Carbon always forms 4 bonds.
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